Evaluation of the pattern of contrast sensitivity in glaucoma patients

Abstract

This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the contrast sensitivity in different types of glaucoma patients. The patients for this study were identified using a non-probability convenient sampling method from 01^st February 2020 to 30^th August 2020. The diagnosis and sensitivity were tested using lea contrast sensitivity, Snellen visual acuity charts, trial box, and occluder. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0). Out of 60 patients, including 37 males and 23 females, between 16-80 years of age. 33 (55 %) patients were diagnosed with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma(POAG), 17 (28.3 %) patients with Primary Close Angle Glaucoma, 7 (11.7%) patients with Acute Closure Glaucoma(PCAG), and 3 (5%) patients with Secondary Glaucoma. Similarly, with glasses, 46 (76.7 %) patients had visual acuity 6/6 to 6/12, 11 (81.3%) patients had 6/18 to 6/36 and 3 (5 %) patients had 6/60. According to contrast sensitivity 30 (50%) patients had 1.25% (80%), 21 had 2.50% (40%) and 9 had 5% (20%). 15 subjects had 1.25% (80%), 13 subjects had 2.5 %( 40%) and 5 subjects had 5% contrast sensitivity in POAG. Around 11 subjects had 1.25% (80%), 4 subjects had 2.5 % (40) and 2 subjects had 5% contrast sensitivity in PCAG, 3 subjects had 1.25% (80%), 3 subjects had 2.5 % (40) and 2 subjects had 5% contrast sensitivity in PCAG. There was a reduction in contrast visual acuity with and without refraction. Most of the patients had variation at the level of Contrast Visual Acuity in POAG.