THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIETARY HABITS, SLEEP PATTERNS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND OBESITY AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS

Abstract

Obesity represents a significant global health concern, impacting nations across all economic strata. Medical students face heightened risks of adopting detrimental habits due to the pressures of academic life, which can result in weight gain and associated health problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity among medical students at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan and investigate its association with lifestyle factors including eating habits, physical activity levels, and sleep patterns. This was cross-sectional study including 148 medical students. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire assessing participants' dietary habits, physical activity, and sleep patterns. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 23.53 kg/m²; 20.3% were overweight and 6.8% obese, more common in males. Fast-food intake was higher in these groups. No strong link existed between BMI and sleep, though obese students reported to have irregular sleep patterns. Physical activity was low, with 78.35% of overweight/obese students exercising 1–2 times weekly or not at all. This study identified a significant association between BMI and lifestyle factors among medical students, with males showing a higher tendency toward overweight and obesity. Elevated BMI was linked to frequent fast-food consumption, low levels of physical activity, and irregular sleep patterns. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that promote healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, and improved sleep hygiene.